How Much Sleep Is Exactly The Right Amount? New Research Pinpoints The Exact Number Of Hours

多少睡眠才算合适?新研究确定了确切的小时数

啊,睡吧!当你得到适量的它时,你会感觉很棒。但如果你一两个晚上睡得不好,或者更糟,整个晚上都睡不好,你就几乎无法正常工作。您和所有其他人一样,一生都有睡眠方面的个人经历,并直接体验到它对您的机能产生多大的影响,或者不影响您的机能!

因此,睡眠对于大脑的最佳功能发挥着绝对基本作用,并且对于认知和情绪处理以及记忆至关重要,这一点也就不足为奇了。和心理健康。睡眠还可以通过在睡觉时清除神经组织中的废物来保护您的大脑。

研究人员早就知道,睡眠特征之一的变化,即每晚睡眠时长,即睡眠持续时间,与多种疾病有关,包括心血管和脑血管疾病(脑血管)疾病以及痴呆


非线性关系

但这就是事情变得有趣的地方。 睡眠时间与这些疾病的发病之间的关系并不完全直接。事实证明,睡眠过少(每晚 6.5 小时或更少)或睡眠过多(超过 9 小时)都与风险增加有关。绝对不是“越多越好!”的情况。

过去的研究表明,55 岁或以上的研究参与者的睡眠时间每减少一小时,心室容积就会增加 0.59%。脑室是位于脑组织深处并充满脑脊液的空腔的连通网络。核磁共振成像显示,这些心室的扩张长期以来一直与阿尔茨海默病的进展有关。

较短的睡眠时间还与大脑白质结构的变化有关,白质是大脑中由神经纤维组成的组织。这解释了为什么如此多的痴呆症患者运动功能下降,随后出现行走、拾取物体、甚至自己进食或穿衣困难。之前关于睡眠持续时间和大脑结构的研究似乎都集中在线性关系上,而不是上面描述的明显的非线性关系,在这种关系中,睡眠太少或太多都是有害的。


一项新研究

但现在,来自中国复旦大学和英国剑桥大学的研究人员于2022年4月在著名期刊Nature Aging上发表了一项新研究,旨在通过直接检查这种非线性关系来纠正这个问题。科学家们从一个名为英国生物银行的数据库中获取了数据。该数据库是来自英国参与者的遗传和健康信息的超大型存储库,并被广泛用作研究资源。数据库中包含的信息包括认知评估、心理健康问卷、脑成像研究和深入的遗传信息。

研究人员查看了大约500,000 名 38 至 73 岁成年人的数据。研究小组在研究中的有根据的猜测(用科学术语来说,他们的假设)是,睡眠时间和痴呆症发展之间的这种非线性关系也适用于睡眠时间和心理健康之间的关系,以及睡眠时间和痴呆症之间的关系。睡眠持续时间、认知能力和大脑本身的结构。

 

UK_BioBank-Data-brain-imaging_mental-health_cognitive-function_genomics_sleep-duration


结果

研究表明,睡眠过少和睡眠过多认知任务表现不佳(包括记忆力和反应时间)之间存在明确关联。睡眠时间也显示出这种与心理健康症状相同的双向关系,包括抑郁、焦虑,甚至自残行为的症状。 甚至大脑结构的变化,根据成像数据确定,也显示出同样的非线性关联,特别是受痴呆症影响的大脑部分。


Nonlinear_association_between_sleep-duration_and_cognitive-function_mental-health_and_brain-structure

 

这项研究还研究了不同年龄组所反映的这些非线性模式。他们的结果显示,随着参与者年龄的增长,大脑容量和认知功能都会下降,其中最显着的关系出现在 44 岁至 59 岁之间的参与者身上。有趣的是,在心理健康方面,结果有点不同。研究清楚地表明,随着参与者接近 65 岁及以上,参与者的睡眠时间与其心理健康和认知之间的关联逐渐减弱。

研究人员还通过对研究开始时睡眠时间非最佳的人进行跟踪,进一步强化了他们的发现。随访显示,随着时间的推移,这些参与者的认知功能下降,精神症状增加。

这项研究对您的认知健康意味着什么

所以,所有这些数据可能很有趣,但它对您的健康有何实际意义?最重要的是,您是否应该获得最佳的睡眠时间来保持认知功能和情绪健康

这项研究的最大收获是,睡眠时长的调节对于大脑的最佳功能以及心理健康和福祉至关重要。睡眠似乎也与遗传学和其他大脑机制有关。

 

金发姑娘法则

研究发现,大约七小时的持续睡眠模式是最佳长期健康的最佳睡眠模式。套用金发姑娘的话说,“不太少也不太多,但恰到好处。

研究人员进一步强调,对于那些需要轮班工作和/或旅行的人来说,这一建议尤其重要。请记住,睡眠过少和过多都已被证明都是有害的。

这并不意味着您每晚必须睡足七个小时。少睡或多睡一点可能没问题,但睡眠绝对不应该少几个小时或多于七个小时。

该研究提出的另一点是关于睡眠一致性。您不希望自己每晚的睡眠时间每周都在变化,例如一晚睡 5 小时,接下来睡 6 小时,接下来的几个晚上睡 8 小时,等等。尽最大努力,在合理的范围内将每晚的睡眠时间保持在一致的水平,最好是七小时。

随着年龄的增长,许多人的睡眠模式都会发生变化。这些变化包括入睡和保持睡眠困难,以及睡眠数量和质量的下降。 优化睡眠本身就是一个完整的话题,但最重要的提示是坚持放松的晚间生活,避免晚上接触强光,尤其是电子屏幕和 LED 灯泡的蓝光,睡前至少六小时避免摄入咖啡因,晚上 8 点后限制液体摄入。

早上起床后,在接触人造光之前,您可以做的另一件非常有效的事情是到户外,让阳光照在脸上至少五分钟。这种自然光照射将为您设置一天的主生物钟,并为您当晚的良好睡眠做好准备。

 

当然,微调睡眠只是改善健康的整个过程的一部分。您可以通过多种方法来实现这一点,不仅要获得持续的优质睡眠,还要锻炼、控制压力、营养和有针对性的补充

 

参考:

 

1. Sean M. Nestor、Raul Rupsingh、Michael Borrie、Matthew Smith、Vittorio Accomazzi、Jennie L. Wells、Jennifer Fogarty、Robert Bartha,阿尔茨海默病神经影像计划,使用阿尔茨海默病验证心室扩大作为阿尔茨海默病进展的可能指标疾病神经影像倡议数据库,《大脑》,第 131 卷,第 9 期,2008 年 9 月,第 2443–2454 页,https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awn146。

2. Li,Y,Sahakian,BJ,等。睡眠持续时间、认知和心理健康之间非线性关联的大脑结构和遗传机制。自然老化; 2022 年 4 月 28 日 | DOI:10.1038/s43587-022-00210-2

3. Westwood, A. J. 等人。延长睡眠时间是早期神经退行性变的标志,可预测痴呆症的发生。神经病学 88, 1172–1179 (2017)。

4. Sabia, S. 等人。中老年睡眠时间与痴呆发病率的关系。纳特。交流。 12, 2289 (2021)。

5. Ma, Y. J. 等人。睡眠持续时间与认知能力下降之间的关联。 JAMA 网络。打开 3,e2013573 (2020)。

6. Lo, J. C., Loh, K. K., Cheng, H., Sim, S. K. Y. & Chee, M. W. L. 睡眠持续时间和大脑结构和认知表现的年龄相关变化。睡眠 37, 1171–1178 (2014)。

7. 徐 W. 等人。认知完整的老年人的睡眠特征和阿尔茨海默病病理学的脑脊液生物标志物:CABLE 研究。阿尔茨海默病。 16, 1146–1152 (2020)。

8.Liang, Y., Qu, L. B. & Liu, H. 睡眠持续时间与轻度认知障碍/痴呆和认知衰退风险之间的非线性关联:观察性研究的剂量反应荟萃分析。老化临床。过期。资源。 31, 309–320 (2019)。

40s and 60s Health Academic Performance Active Aging Active Lifestyle Active Living adenosine triphosphate Adoptive cell therapy Aerobic Health Age Prevention Age Reversal Age-Associated Muscle Decline Age-Defying Secrets Age-Defying Strategies Age-Defying Tips Age-related CAR-T failure Age-Related Changes Age-Related Decline Age-Related Diseases Age-Related Myths Age-related Weight Gain Age-specific Nutrition Ageless Beauty Ageless Living Ageless Memory Aging and cancer Aging and Disease Aging and Health Aging and longevity Aging and Nutrition Aging Atlas aging eggs Aging Gracefully Aging Process Aging Research Aging Supplements AI stem cells Alternative Polyadenylation Alzheimer's Alzheimer's Prevention Alzheimer's treatment Alzheimer’s disease AMP-activated protein kinase AMPK anti-aging Anti-Aging Diet Anti-Aging for the Brain Anti-Aging Lifestyle Anti-Aging Research Anti-Aging Science Anti-Aging Strategies Anti-Aging Therapies Anti-Aging Tips Anti-inflammatory diet Anti-Inflammatory Foods Anti-Inflammatory Strategies AntiAging Antioxidant Supplements Antioxidants apoptosis Arterial Stiffness Athletic Training ATP Autophagie autophagy Balanced Diet Balanced Training BCAAs Behavior Modulation Berberine Bioactive Compounds Bioavailability Biological Aging biological clocks Biological Mysteries Biomarkers Biomedical Advances Biomedical engineering Black Pepper Extract blood cell counts Blood Sugar Management blood sugar regulator Blueberries and Grapes Bone Health Brain Boosting Tips Brain Exercises Brain Fitness Brain Function Brain Function Enhancers Brain Health Brain Nutrition Brain Science Brain Supplements Brain Training Brain-Boosting Diet BRCA2 Breakthrough Treatments CaffeineProsAndCons Caloric Restriction Cancer Cancer and Inflammation Cancer Prevention Cancer Research Cancer Therapy Cancer treatment CAR-T therapy CAR-T therapy for older patients CardiacRehabilitation Cardiovascular Health CardiovascularDisease CardiovascularEffects CD38 enzyme Cellular Aging Cellular energy Cellular Growth Cellular Health Cellular health optimization Cellular metabolism Cellular Rejuvenation Cellular Renewal Cellular Senescence Cerebral Blood Flow chAge Chimeric antigen receptor Cholesterol and Cancer Cholesterol Reduction Cholesterol Synthesis Chronic Disease Prevention Chronic Diseases Chronic Inflammation ChronicInflammation ChronicStress chronological age Circadian Rhythm Clinical Trials CoffeeHealth cognition Cognitive Aging Cognitive Enhancement cognitive function Cognitive Health Cognitive Longevity Cognitive Renewal Cognitive Training Cognitive Wellness Continuous Growth coptis chinensis Cork Tree Cortex phellodendri Daily Step Count Dementia Prevention Diabetes Diabetes Management Diabetes Prevention Diabetes Risk Factors Diet and Cancer Diet Tips Dietary Choices Dietary Guidelines Dietary Moderation Benefits Dietary Supplements DietaryResearch Digestive Wellness Digital Learning Disease Prevention DNA methylation DNA Repair DNA Repair and Aging DNA Secrets DNAm Drug Delivery Drug Development Duke-NUS Discoveries eAge Educational Research Emergency Workers Fitness Emotional Wellness Endothelial dysfunction Endurance Training Energy Metabolism epigenetic age epigenetic alterations Epigenetic Clock epigenetische Alter Epigenetische Uhr Ergothioneine Ergothioneine Benefits Evergreen Health Exercise and Aging Exercise and Health Exercise and Immunity Exercise and Inflammation Exercise Physiology Exercise Research Exercise Science Exercise Tips fasting FAXDC2 Enzyme female fertility ferulic acid Fitness and Wellness Fitness in Aging Fitness Recovery Fitness Risks Fitness Tips Focus and Concentration Focus and Recall Focus Enhancement Food Science Functional Foods Functional hyperemia Future of Longevity Future of Medicine gene expression Gene Expression and Longevity Gene Therapy GeneActivity Genetic Aging Genetic Blueprint Genetic Code Genetic Mutations Genetic Research Genexpression genomic instability Genomic Technologies genomics Gerontology Research geroprotection gesundes Altern GLTD Research gluconeogenesis glucose metabolism glycogenolysis Glycolysis Golden Years Golden Years Wellness Goldthread Grape Seed Extract grey hair causes Gut Bacteria Gut Health Gut Microbiome hallmarks of aging Harvard Study Insights Healing Mechanisms Health and Fitness Health and Longevity Health and Wellness Health and Wellness Tips Health Benefits Health Innovation Health Monitoring Health Promotion Health Research Health Risks of Exercise Health Risks of Sitting Health Science Health Supplements HealthAndWellbeing Healthcare Technology Healthspan Extension healthy aging Healthy Aging Tips Healthy Eating Healthy Lifestyle Healthy Living HealthyAging HealthyLifestyle heart health Heart Health in 40s HeartDiseasePrevention HeartHealth Herbal Remedies Hericium Erinaceus Herz Gesundheit high fat ketogenic diet High-Intensity Workouts Holistic Health Holistic Wellness HolisticWellness Hormonal Balance Horvath clock Human longevity Human Trials immune system Immune System and Aging Immune System Health Immunotherapy Improving CAR-T outcomes Inflamm-aging Inflammation Inflammation Insights Inflammation Management Inflammatory Diseases Innovative medical technology Insulin Resistance Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling intercellular communication intermittent fasting keto diet ketogenic diet ketones ketones bodies Kognitive Gesundheit Krebs cycle L-Ergothioneine Life Stages and Wellness LifeExtension Lifelong Clarity Lifelong Learning Lifespan Extension Lifespan Research Lifestyle and Wellness Lifestyle Changes Lifestyle Tips LifestyleChanges Lion's Mane Liposomal NMN Liposomal Technology Liposome Benefits Liposome Manufacturing Liposomes live longer living robots Longevity longevity gene Longevity Research Longevity Secrets Longevity Supplements loss of resilience Love and Longevity matsutake MCI Medical Research Meditation Mediterranean Diet Memory Aids Memory Boosters Memory Consolidation Memory Encoding Memory Enhancement Memory Improvement Memory Mastery Memory Palace Memory Retention Memory Strategies Memory Techniques Memory Tips Memory Training Menschliche Langlebigkeit Mental Agility Mental Fitness mental health Mental Resilience Mental Vitality Mental Wellbeing Mental Wellness Metabolic Changes Metabolic Disorders Metabolic dysfunction metabolic health Metabolic optimization cancer treatment Metabolic Pathways Metabolic Pathways in Cancer Metabolic Syndrome Metabolic Syndrome Management Metabolism in Aging Metabolite Supplements methionine Methylglyoxal Microbiome Research Microcirculation Midlife Health mild cognitive impairment Mind-Body Connection Mind-Gut Connection MindBodyMedicine Mindful Aging Mindful Eating Mindful Organization Mindfulness Mindfulness and Meditation Mitochondrial Health Mitochondrial optimization Mitophagy Mnemonics Moderate vs Vigorous Exercise Modern Aging Solutions Modern Lifestyle Modern Medicine Modern Science Molecular Biology Molecular Mechanisms Molecular medicine mTor activation Multi-Omics Profiling Muscle Endurance Muscle Mass Preservation NAD+ NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) NAD+ and immune function NAD+ Benefits NAD+ cancer therapy NAD+ supplementation nadh NAMPT Nanotechnology Natural Compounds Natural Elixirs Natural Health Natural Rejuvenation Natural Remedies Natural Supplements Natural Weight Solutions Nature Cancer Neural Nourishment Neurodegeneration Neurodegeneration Insights Neurodegeneration Prevention Neurodegenerative Conditions Neurodegenerative Disease Prevention Neurodegenerative diseases Neurodegenerative Disorders Neuroinflammation Neurological research Neuroplasticity neuroprotection Neurovascular Coupling Neurovascular Unit Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide nmn NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) NMN Supplements NR (nicotinamide riboside) Nutraceuticals Nutriop Longevity Nutriop Longevity Benefits Nutriop Longevity Products Nutriop Longevity Supplements Nutriop Longevity® Resveratrol PLUS Nutriop Supplements Nutriop Wellness NutriopLongevity Nutriop® Life Nutrition Nutrition for Seniors Nutrition Research Nutritional Guidance Nutritional Science Nutritional Strategies Nutritional Supplements Nutritional Support Omega-3 Fatty Acids Oncology Oncology Innovations oocyte quality Optimal Step Count Oral Health Oxford Academic Study Oxidative stress Oxygen Efficiency P16ink4a Parkinson's therapy Personal Transformation Personalized Exercise Plans Personalized Health Strategies Personalized Medicine Personalized Nutrition Pharmaceutical Development Phellodendron Physical Activity Physical Activity and Brain Phytoalexins Piperine Plant Metabolites Plant-based compounds Plant-Based Diet Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) Positive Thinking Premium supplements Preventative Strategies Preventive Health Preventive Healthcare Probiotics Processed Foods Protein aggregation pterostilbene Quercetin Radiant Health Recall Enhancement Reducing Sitting Time Regenerative Medicine Relationships and Health RelaxationTechniques Reproductive Aging Resilience Resilience Techniques Resveratrol rhizoma coptis chinensis rice bran RING-Bait SASP Science Science of Aging Science-backed supplementation Scientific Advancements Scientific Breakthrough Sedentary Behavior Sedentary Lifestyle Self-Improvement Senior Fitness Senior Health Senior Wellness Senior Wellness Strategies Single-Cell RNA Sequencing SIRT1 sirtuins Sleep and Cognition Sleep and Health Sleep and Metabolism sleep cycles sleep duration Sleep Research sleep stages Spermidin spermidine Step Count Benefits Stoffwechselgesundheit Stress and Weight Stress Management StressAndAging StressManagement StressReduction Student Health Supplement Benefits Supplements Swiss cancer research breakthrough T cell exhaustion Targeted Therapies Targeted Therapy Tauopathy Telomeres Timeless Living Timeless Vitality Transcriptomics Tricarboxylic acid cycle Tricholoma matsutake Tumor Suppression Type 2 Diabetes Prevention University of Lausanne research Urolithin A Vibrant Aging Vigorous Exercise Vitality VO2 Max Fitness Walking for Health Weight Loss for Elderly Weight Management Weizenkeimextrakt Wellness Wellness and Vitality Wellness in Retirement Wellness Journey Wellness Strategies Wellness Tips wheat germ extract Whole Foods Whole Grains Wnt Signaling Wnt Signaling Pathway Workout Safety xenobots yoga Youthful Vitality Zelluläre Seneszenz
Back to blog

Leave a comment

Please note, comments need to be approved before they are published.